Nationally, adult literacy skills are slipping. The 2023 PIAAC assessment (released Dec. 2024 by NCES) found U.S. adults' average literacy scores fell for the first time in the survey's history, continuing a decline from 2017. Fourth-grade reading proficiency has dropped to its lowest recorded level. On the 2024 Nation's Report Card (NAEP), only 31% of U.S. 4th graders scored "proficient" in reading — down from 35% in 2019 — and roughly 40% scored below the "basic" level, the

This guide is designed to support ethical, safe, and informed participation in research studies.

Women who have been involved in the criminal legal system often face serious health challenges that go beyond the surface. They are more likely to experience substance use disorders and unintended pregnancies, yet they frequently encounter barriers when trying to access treatment and reproductive health services. The WORTH Paths Research Study aims to break those barriers. This innovative program is testing a new digital health intervention designed to help women aged 18–44 w